drovian in Old Saxon

IPA: /ˈdroː.fi.ɑn/, [ˈdrøː.βi.ɑn] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-Germanic *drōbijaną (“to disturb”). Cognate with Old English drēfan (English dreve), Dutch droeven, Old High German truoban (German trüben), Gothic 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 (drōbjan). Etymology templates: {{inh|osx|gem-pro|*drōbijaną|t=to disturb}} Proto-Germanic *drōbijaną (“to disturb”), {{cog|ang|drēfan}} Old English drēfan, {{cog|en|dreve}} English dreve, {{cog|nl|droeven}} Dutch droeven, {{cog|goh|truoban}} Old High German truoban, {{cog|de|trüben}} German trüben, {{cog|got|𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽}} Gothic 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 (drōbjan) Head templates: {{head|osx|verb|head=drōvian|sort=}} drōvian, {{osx-verb|class=1|head=drōvian|type=weak}} drōvian Inflection templates: {{osx-conj-wk1|drōv|drōfd|head=drōvian}} Forms: drōvian [canonical], weak [table-tags], drōvian [infinitive], drōviu [first-person, present, singular], drōfda [first-person, past, singular], drōvis [present, second-person, singular], drōfdes [past, second-person, singular], drōvid [present, singular, third-person], drōfda [past, singular, third-person], drōviad [plural, present], drōfdun [past, plural], drōvie [first-person, present, singular], drōfdi [first-person, past, singular], drōvies [present, second-person, singular], drōfdis [past, second-person, singular], drōvie [present, singular, third-person], drōfdi [past, singular, third-person], drōvien [plural, present], drōfdin [past, plural], drōvi [present, singular], drōviandi [present], gidrōvid [past], drōvid [past]

Alternative forms

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*drōbijaną",
        "t": "to disturb"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drōbijaną (“to disturb”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "drēfan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English drēfan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "dreve"
      },
      "expansion": "English dreve",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "droeven"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch droeven",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "truoban"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German truoban",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "trüben"
      },
      "expansion": "German trüben",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 (drōbjan)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *drōbijaną (“to disturb”). Cognate with Old English drēfan (English dreve), Dutch droeven, Old High German truoban (German trüben), Gothic 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 (drōbjan).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "drōvian",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "osx-conj-wk1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōviu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfdes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōviad",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfdun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfdi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfdis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfdi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvien",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfdin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōviandi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gidrōvid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": "drōvian",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "drōvian",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "class": "1",
        "head": "drōvian",
        "type": "weak"
      },
      "expansion": "drōvian",
      "name": "osx-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drōv",
        "2": "drōfd",
        "head": "drōvian"
      },
      "name": "osx-conj-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Saxon",
  "lang_code": "osx",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to stir up, trouble, disturb"
      ],
      "id": "en-drovian-osx-verb-8~xE1wte",
      "links": [
        [
          "stir up",
          "stir up"
        ],
        [
          "trouble",
          "trouble"
        ],
        [
          "disturb",
          "disturb"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈdroː.fi.ɑn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈdrøː.βi.ɑn]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "drovian"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*drōbijaną",
        "t": "to disturb"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drōbijaną (“to disturb”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "drēfan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English drēfan",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "dreve"
      },
      "expansion": "English dreve",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "droeven"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch droeven",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "truoban"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German truoban",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "trüben"
      },
      "expansion": "German trüben",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 (drōbjan)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *drōbijaną (“to disturb”). Cognate with Old English drēfan (English dreve), Dutch droeven, Old High German truoban (German trüben), Gothic 𐌳𐍂𐍉𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽 (drōbjan).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "drōvian",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "osx-conj-wk1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvian",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōviu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfdes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfda",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōviad",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfdun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfdi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvies",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfdis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfdi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvien",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfdin",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōviandi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gidrōvid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōvid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "osx",
        "2": "verb",
        "head": "drōvian",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "drōvian",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "class": "1",
        "head": "drōvian",
        "type": "weak"
      },
      "expansion": "drōvian",
      "name": "osx-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drōv",
        "2": "drōfd",
        "head": "drōvian"
      },
      "name": "osx-conj-wk1"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Saxon",
  "lang_code": "osx",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Saxon class 1 weak verbs",
        "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Saxon lemmas",
        "Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old Saxon verbs",
        "Pages with 1 entry"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to stir up, trouble, disturb"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stir up",
          "stir up"
        ],
        [
          "trouble",
          "trouble"
        ],
        [
          "disturb",
          "disturb"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈdroː.fi.ɑn/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈdrøː.βi.ɑn]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "drovian"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Saxon dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"drovian" meaning in Old Saxon

Verb

Alternative forms